Frequently Asked Questions About Antibiotics

Aug 28, 2025 General Health

Frequently Asked Questions About Antibiotics

Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed medications in the UK, used to treat bacterial infections ranging from mild to life-threatening. However, public understanding of when and how to use them correctly is still mixed. Inappropriate use can lead to antibiotic resistance, a growing health crisis worldwide.

In this blog post, we answer the most frequently asked questions about antibiotics, especially those that appear in online searches, forums, and AI-generated overviews (the dropdown questions that come up). Whether you’re curious about online access, prescriptions, or what antibiotics can and cannot treat, this guide will help clear up the confusion.

When should I see a GP instead of buying antibiotics online for a urinary tract infection?

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common reasons people seek antibiotics. While it may be tempting to self-treat at the first sign of symptoms, it's important to know when to consult a GP.

See your GP if:

• This is your first UTI
• Your symptoms include fever, chills, or lower back pain
• You are pregnant
• You are male or have a recurrent UTI
• Symptoms persist or worsen after 48 hours of treatment
   

For mild, uncomplicated UTIs in women, you can often access treatment safely and legally through online pharmacies like SimplyMeds Online, following an online consultation with a prescriber.

Can I get amoxicillin over the counter in the UK for a chest infection?

No, amoxicillin is a prescription-only medicine in the UK. It cannot be purchased over the counter, even for common chest infections. If you have symptoms such as a persistent cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain, a GP will need to assess whether antibiotics are necessary.

Many chest infections are viral, which means antibiotics like amoxicillin won't be effective. In these cases, rest, fluids, and over-the-counter remedies are the best course of action. If a bacterial infection is suspected, your GP can prescribe the appropriate antibiotic.

Can I get antibiotics without a prescription in the UK?

In the UK, most antibiotics, including penicillin, doxycycline, and amoxicillin, are not available without a prescription. This regulation helps ensure antibiotics are only used when clinically appropriate and helps combat antibiotic resistance.

While you cannot walk into a pharmacy and buy antibiotics off the shelf, you can access them legally through regulated online services that use licensed prescribers, provided you complete a medical consultation. Here at Simply Meds Online, we offer NHS prescription delivery and private prescriptions. If you are looking for a specific medication, find the item on our website and follow the prompts to start your online pharmacy consultation. 

Is it safe to use leftover antibiotics from a previous prescription?

No, you should never use leftover antibiotics. Here's why:

• Dosage and duration matter: Antibiotics are prescribed in specific doses for a reason. Taking them improperly can lead to incomplete treatment and antibiotic resistance.
   
• Wrong drug for the condition: Different infections require different antibiotics. What worked for a previous illness may be ineffective or even harmful now.
   
• Expired medication: Leftover antibiotics may have degraded and could be unsafe to use.
   

Always complete the full course as directed, and dispose of unused antibiotics properly. Do not self-prescribe from past treatments.

Do UK pharmacies offer antibiotics for minor infections without seeing a GP?

Yes, in some cases, UK pharmacies can supply antibiotics for minor infections through Pharmacy First schemes or patient group directions (PGDs).

This includes:

• Uncomplicated UTIs in women
• Some skin infections
• Certain ear infections in children
   

Pharmacists are trained to assess your symptoms and provide treatment or refer you to a GP if necessary. However, you will still need a consultation, even if it’s a brief one, in the pharmacy or online.

Can a pharmacist prescribe antibiotics for UTIs in the UK?

Yes, for uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women aged 16 to 64, many UK pharmacists are now able to prescribe a short course of antibiotics like nitrofurantoin without a GP appointment. This is part of the effort to ease pressure on NHS services and improve patient access to treatment.

Online pharmacies like SimplyMeds also offer this service, where a licensed prescriber reviews your symptoms and medical history before issuing treatment. Click here to learn more.

Are antibiotics effective against flu symptoms or just antivirals?

Antibiotics do not work against the flu, which is caused by a virus. Antibiotics only treat bacterial infections. Taking antibiotics for viral illnesses like the flu, colds, or COVID-19 is not only ineffective but it also contributes to antibiotic resistance.

For flu symptoms, treatment usually includes rest, hydration, paracetamol or ibuprofen. If you’re concerned about severe symptoms, speak to your GP.

The NHS has more information on antibiotics and viral infections here.

Can I order antibiotics legally online in the UK?

Yes, you can legally order antibiotics online in the UK through registered and regulated online pharmacies, provided you complete a consultation assessed by a qualified prescriber or have a valid NHS or Private Prescription.

Always look for:

• A valid UK pharmacy registration number
• Links to the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC)
• A secure consultation process
   

Avoid websites that offer antibiotics without a prescription or medical checks, as they are not safe or legal. Reputable platforms like us, here at SimplyMeds Online, follow UK laws and ensure medications are dispensed responsibly by licensed pharmacists.

Antibiotic FAQ - Your questions answered

Antibiotics are powerful tools in modern medicine, but they must be used wisely. Knowing when they’re appropriate, and when they’re not, can protect your health and help fight the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

If you're unsure whether you need antibiotics, speak to your GP, pharmacist, or use a trusted online service that provides medically reviewed consultations. Never self-medicate with old prescriptions, and always follow the guidance of healthcare professionals.

You can read more about antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use here (thanks to Pfizer)